❞ كتاب Adhesion Protein Protocols-Humana Press ❝ ⏤ Elisabetta Dejana and Monica Corada

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

The specificity, homogeneity, and ability to be produced in unlimited
amounts have made monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) an extremely useful tool
for the study of a great variety of molecules involved in cellular adhesion phenomena. In many cases, the detailed biochemical and functional characterization of members of the integrin, selectin, immunoglobulin, and cadherin
families of adhesion receptors, and their specific cellular and tissue distribution have only been made possible through the development and use of specific
MAbs to these molecules.
Very often, the binding of a MAb to a membrane receptor involved in cell
adhesion affects the function of the molecule, and results in inhibition or
enhancement of the ability of the cell to adhere to the specific ligand. These
functional effects of MAbs usually reflect a direct or physical involvement of
the epitope recognized in ligand interaction; in other cases, however, the functional effects exerted by MAbs can only be explained through the induction of
conformational changes in the adhesion receptor. Those MAbs that reduce the
ability of an adhesion molecule to interact with specific ligands are usually
referred to as “blocking” or “inhibitory” antibodies. Conversely, those MAbs
that are able to enhance the interaction of an adhesion receptor with its ligand
are generally termed “activating” or “stimulatory” antibodies. A third group of

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology