❞ كتاب DNA Protein Interactions Principles and Protocols ❝ ⏤ Tom Moss

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

DNA–protein interactions are fundamental to the existence of life forms,
providing the key to the genetic plan as well as mechanisms for its maintenance and evolution. The study of these interactions is therefore fundamental
to our understanding of growth, development, differentiation, evolution, and
disease. The manipulation of DNA–protein interactions is also becoming increasingly important to the biotechnology industry, permitting among other things
the reprogramming of gene expression. The success of the first edition of DNA–
Protein Interactions; Principles and Protocols was the result of Dr. G. Geoff
Kneale's efforts in bringing together a broad range of relevant techniques. In
producing the second edition of this book, I have tried to further increase this
diversity while presenting the reader with alternative approaches to obtaining
the same information.
A major barrier to the study of interactions between biological macromolecules has always been detection and hence the need to obtain sufficient
material. The development of molecular cloning and subsequently of protein
overexpression systems has essentially breached this barrier. However, in the
case of DNA–protein interactions, the problem of quantity and hence of detection is often offset by the high degree of selectivity and stability of DNA–
protein interactions. DNA–protein binding reactions will often go to near
completion at very low component concentrations even within crude protein
extracts. Thus, although many techniques described in this volume were initially developed to study interactions between highly purified components,
these same techniques are often just as applicable to the identification of novel
DNA–protein interactions within systems as undefined as a whole cell extract.
In general, these techniques use a DNA rather than a protein detection system
because the former is more sensitive. Radiolabeled DNA fragments are easily
produced by a range of techniques commonly available to molecular biologists

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology