❞ كتاب Genomics Protocols ❝ ⏤ Michael P. Starkey

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

We must unashamedly admit that a large part of the motivation for editing
Genomics Protocols was selfish. The possibility of assembling in a single volume
a unique and comprehensive collection of complete protocols, relevant to our
work and the work of our colleagues, was too good an opportunity to miss.
We are pleased to report, however, that the outcome is something of use not
only to those who are experienced practitioners in the genomics field, but is
also valuable to the larger community of researchers who have recognized the
potential of genomics research and may themselves be beginning to explore
the technologies involved.
Some of the techniques described in Genomics Protocols are clearly not
restricted to the genomics field; indeed, a prerequisite for many procedures in
this discipline is that they require an extremely high throughput, beyond the
scope of the average investigator. However, what we have endeavored here to
achieve is both to compile a collection of procedures concerned with genomescale investigations and to incorporate the key components of “bottom-up”
and “top-down” approaches to gene finding. The technologies described extend
from those traditionally recognized as coming under the genomics umbrella,
touch on proteomics (the study of the expressed protein complement of the
genome), through to early therapeutic approaches utilizing the potential of
genome programs via gene therapy (Chapters 27–30).

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology