❞ كتاب Neurogenetics_ Methods and Protocols ❝ ⏤ Nicholas T. Potter

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

Preface
The rapid identification and characterization of genes of neurological relevance
holds great potential for offering insight into the diagnosis, management, and understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of neurological diseases. This volume
in the Methods in Molecular Biology™ series was conceived to highlight many of the
contemporary methodological approaches utilized for the characterization of neurologically relevant gene mutations and their protein products. Although an emphasis
has been placed upon descriptions of methodologies with a defined clinical utility, it
is hoped that Neurogenetics: Methods and Protocols will appeal not only to clinical
laboratory diagnosticians, but also to clinicians, and to biomedical researchers with an
interest in advances in disease diagnosis and the functional consequences of neurologically relevant gene mutations.
To meet this challenge, more than 60 authors graciously accepted my invitation
to contribute to the 32 chapters of this book. Through their collective commitment
and diligence, what has emerged is a comprehensive and timely treatise that covers
many methodological aspects of mutation detection and screening, including discussions on quantitative PCR, trinucleotide repeat detection, sequence-based mutation
detection, molecular detection of imprinted genes, fluorescence in situ hybridization
(FISH), in vitro protein expression systems, and studies of protein expression and
function. I would like to take this opportunity to formally thank my colleagues for
their effort and dedication to this work.

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology