❞ كتاب Information theory, evolution, and the origin of life ❝ ⏤ HUBERT P. YOCKEY

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

This book introduces the general reader and the specialist to the new order
of things in evolution, the origin of life on Earth, and the question of life on
Mars and Europa and elsewhere in the universe. Although there are many
fields of biology that are essentially descriptive, with the application of information theory, theoretical biology can now take its place with theoretical
physics without apology. Thus biology has become a quantitative and computational science as George Gamow (1904–68) suggested. By employing
information theory, comparisons between the genetics of organisms can now
be made quantitatively with the same accuracy that is typical of astronomy,
physics, and chemistry.
Spacecraft send messages to Earth as they pass the outer planets – Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto – in spite of the small amount of
energy available. Enormous amounts of data and information flow about on
the Internet. Huge sums of money are transferred every day. Errors in these
communications cannot be tolerated. Claude Shannon (1916–2001) showed
that this is accomplished because communication is segregated, linear, and
digital so that sufficient redundance can be introduced in communication
codes to overcome errors. Furthermore, he showed that these signals, which
contain messages, can be measured in bits and bytes, terms that are familiar
to computer users

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology