❞ كتاب Methods in Molecular Biology Elias ❝ ⏤ Elias A. Lianos

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

 Introduction
Expression of foreign proteins in both cultured and intact mammalian cells
has become essential to evaluating cellular biology and physiology including
the proteins involved in the control of eicosanoid production. Many transient
expression vectors are commercially available and are in widespread use. However, some cell types, such as the renal mesangial cell, have been difficult to
transform with these vectors and require a different strategy to obtain stable
expression of the exogenous gene. Viral vectors, including retroviruses,
adenoviruses, and the Sinbis virus have been developed over the last decade
for foreign gene expression in mammalian cells. This chapter will discuss the
use of a replication-incompetent retroviral vector in cell culture to express an
exogenous protein.

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology