❞ كتاب Natural Computing Series Hans-Joachim Böckenhauer ❝ ⏤ Dirk Bongartz

Biologically

Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.

Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:

Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science

نبذه عن الكتاب:

The discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA by Watson and Crick
more than fty years ago was the starting point of a new era in molecular
biology. Since then, our knowledge of biological structures and processes has
grown tremendously. But many of these advances would have been unthinkable
without using computational methods. Computer science plays a leading role
in the emerging interdisciplinary eld of bioinformatics. Only the interplay
between biological methods and concepts from informatics has enabled us to
successfully maintain projects such as the Human Genome Project. But completing
this project also initiated further challenges for bioinformatics. The
main goal now is to analyze and make use of the collected data. Moreover,
new areas are explored, for instance, the prediction of the spatial structure of
proteins. These results will be useful for designing new drugs and improved
medical therapies; in this context, computer science faces bold challenges.
However, progress in molecular biology also in
uences the design and development
of computer science methods and concepts, as in the exciting research
eld of molecular computing.

Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology