📘 قراءة كتاب Information Processing by Biochemical Systems_ Neural Network أونلاين
Biologically
Biology is a natural science that is concerned with the study of life, its various forms and its function, how these organisms interact with each other and with the surrounding environment. The word biology in Greek is made up of two words: bio (βίος) meaning life. And loggia (-λογία) means science or study. Biology: the similarity of vegetation and animal cover on the edges of the African and American states, and the existence of the same fossil.
Branches of biology
Biology is an ancient science thousands of years old and modern biology began in the nineteenth century. This science has multiple branches. Among them are:
Anatomy
Botany
Biochemia
Biogeography
Biofisia
Cytology or cell science
Ecology or environmental science
نبذه عن الكتاب:
Information processing by biological systems is not an invention of the modern era. It started in the far past with the semblance of life on our planet, was
operative in single-celled organisms, and was active throughout the ages with
the evolution of higher species.
During the last few decades this area of endeavor has attracted the attention
of scientists and engineers. They were driven not only by the inborn curiosity
of human beings, but also by the quest for solutions to practical issues. Among
the latter, the most pressing were the miniaturization of devices and conferring
upon them greatly extended capabilities for information processing. More
recently, as sustained efforts were aimed at these goals, a critical warning was
issued by physicists. They pointed out that, sooner or later, the technology
currently available is bound to reach the limits of its capabilities. This will be
caused by undesired crosstalk between the densely packed ultraminiaturized
components, as well as by the inability to dissipate the heat produced. Hence,
alternative technologies had to be developed. It was at this point that the
concepts of information processing by molecular systems emerged—among
them, biomolecular systems.
Biology
Human biology
Who is the founder of biology?
The importance of biology
Areas of work in the field of biology
Theories of biology
Research on biology for the first grade of secondary school
Human biology
سنة النشر : 2009م / 1430هـ .
حجم الكتاب عند التحميل : 988 .
نوع الكتاب : pdf.
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