❞ رواية Arrowsmith ❝ ⏤ Sinclair Lewis

هذا القسم يحتوي علي العديد من القصص والروايات باللغة الإنجليزية

(Stories and novels) القصص والروايات
الرواية هي سرد نثري طويل يصف شخصيات خيالية أو واقعية وأحداثاً على شكل قصة متسلسلة، كما أنها أكبر الأجناس القصصية من حيث الحجم وتعدد الشخصيات وتنوع الأحداث، وقد ظهرت في أوروبا بوصفها جنساً أدبياً مؤثراً في القرن الثامن عشر، والرواية حكاية تعتمد السرد بما فيه من وصف وحوار وصراع بين الشخصيات وما ينطوي عليه ذلك من تأزم وجدل وتغذيه الأحداث
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.

A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."

The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.

Arrowsmith    

The driver of the wagon swaying through forest and swamp of the
Ohio wilderness was a ragged girl of fourteen. Her mother they had
buried near the Monongahela--the girl herself had heaped with torn
sods the grave beside the river of the beautiful name. Her father
lay shrinking with fever on the floor of the wagon-box, and about
him played her brothers and sisters, dirty brats, tattered brats,
hilarious brats.
She halted at the fork in the grassy road, and the sick man
quavered, "Emmy, ye better turn down towards Cincinnati. If we
could find your Uncle Ed, I guess he'd take us in."
"Nobody ain't going to take us in," she said. "We're going on jus'
long as we can. Going West! They's a whole lot of new things I
aim to be seeing!"
She cooked the supper, she put the children to bed, and sat by the
fire, alone.
That was the great-grandmother of Martin Arrowsmith.
Cross-legged in the examining-chair in Doc Vickerson's office, a
boy was reading "Gray's Anatomy." His name was Martin Arrowsmith,
of Elk Mills, in the state of Winnemac.
There was a suspicion in Elk Mills--now, in 1897, a dowdy red-brick
village, smelling of apples--that this brown-leather adjustable
seat which Doc Vickerson used for minor operations, for the
infrequent pulling of teeth and for highly frequent naps, had begun
life as a barber's chair. There was also a belief that its
proprietor must once have been called Doctor Vickerson, but for
years he had been only The Doc, and he was scurfier and much less
adjustable than the chair.
Martin was the son of J. J. Arrowsmith, who conducted the New York
Clothing Bazaar. By sheer brass and obstinacy he had, at fourteen,
become the unofficial, also decidedly unpaid, assistant to the Doc,
and while the Doc was on a country call he took charge--though what
 

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