❞ رواية The Long Winter ❝ ⏤ Laura Ingalls Wilder

هذا القسم يحتوي علي العديد من القصص والروايات باللغة الإنجليزية

(Stories and novels) القصص والروايات
الرواية هي سرد نثري طويل يصف شخصيات خيالية أو واقعية وأحداثاً على شكل قصة متسلسلة، كما أنها أكبر الأجناس القصصية من حيث الحجم وتعدد الشخصيات وتنوع الأحداث، وقد ظهرت في أوروبا بوصفها جنساً أدبياً مؤثراً في القرن الثامن عشر، والرواية حكاية تعتمد السرد بما فيه من وصف وحوار وصراع بين الشخصيات وما ينطوي عليه ذلك من تأزم وجدل وتغذيه الأحداث
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.

A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."

The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.

The Long Winter    

The mowing machine's whirring sounded
cheerfully from the old buffalo wallow south
of the claim shanty, where bluestem grass
stood thick and tall and Pa was cutting it for hay.
The sky was high and quivering with heat over the
shimmering prairie. Half-way down to sunset, the sun
blazed as hotly as at noon. The wind was scorching
hot. But Pa had hours of mowing yet to do before he
could stop for the night.
Laura drew up a pailful of water from the well at
the edge of the Big Slough. She rinsed the brown jug
till it was cool to her hand. Then she filled it with the
fresh, cool water, corked it tightly, and started with it
to the hayfield.
Swarms of little white butterflies hovered over the
path. A dragon-fly with gauzy wings swiftly chased a
gnat. On the stubble of cut grass the striped gophers
were scampering. All at once they ran for their lives
and dived into their holes. Then Laura saw a swift
shadow and looked up at the eyes and the claws of a
hawk overhead. But all the little gophers were safe in
their holes.
Pa was glad to see Laura with the water-jug. He got
down from the mowing machine and drank a mouthful. "Ah! that hits the spot!" he said, and tipped up
the jug again. Then he corked it, and setting it on the
ground he covered it with cut grass.
"This sun almost makes a fellow want a bunch of
sprouts to make a shade," he joked. He was really
glad there were no trees; he had grubbed so many
sprouts from his clearing in the Big Woods, every
summer. Here on the Dakota prairies there was not a
single tree, not one sprout, not a bit of shade anywhere. 
 

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