❞ رواية Nana ❝ ⏤ Émile Zola

هذا القسم يحتوي علي العديد من القصص والروايات باللغة الإنجليزية

(Stories and novels) القصص والروايات
الرواية هي سرد نثري طويل يصف شخصيات خيالية أو واقعية وأحداثاً على شكل قصة متسلسلة، كما أنها أكبر الأجناس القصصية من حيث الحجم وتعدد الشخصيات وتنوع الأحداث، وقد ظهرت في أوروبا بوصفها جنساً أدبياً مؤثراً في القرن الثامن عشر، والرواية حكاية تعتمد السرد بما فيه من وصف وحوار وصراع بين الشخصيات وما ينطوي عليه ذلك من تأزم وجدل وتغذيه الأحداث
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.

A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."

The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.

Nana    

At nine o'clock in the evening the body of the house at the
Theatres des Varietes was still all but empty. A few individuals, it is
true, were sitting quietly waiting in the balcony and stalls, but these
were lost, as it were, among the ranges of seats whose coverings of
cardinal velvet loomed in the subdued light of the dimly burning
luster. A shadow enveloped the great red splash of the curtain, and
not a sound came from the stage, the unlit footlights, the scattered
desks of the orchestra. It was only high overhead in the third
gallery, round the domed ceiling where nude females and children
flew in heavens which had turned green in the gaslight, that calls
and laughter were audible above a continuous hubbub of voices,
and heads in women's and workmen's caps were ranged, row above
row, under the wide-vaulted bays with their gilt-surrounding
adornments. Every few seconds an attendant would make her
appearance, bustling along with tickets in her hand and piloting in
front of her a gentleman and a lady, who took their seats, he in his
evening dress, she sitting slim and undulant beside him while her
eyes wandered slowly round the house.
Two young men appeared in the stalls; they kept standing and
looked about them.
"Didn't I say so, Hector?" cried the elder of the two, a tall fellow
with little black mustaches. "We're too early! You might quite well
have allowed me to finish my cigar."
An attendant was passing.
"Oh, Monsieur Fauchery," she said familiarly, "it won't begin for
half an hour yet!"
"Then why do they advertise for nine o'clock?" muttered Hector,
whose long thin face assumed an expression of vexation. "Only this
morning Clarisse, who's in the piece, swore that they'd begin at nine
o'clock punctually."

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