❞ رواية Père Goriot ❝ ⏤ Honoré de Balzac

هذا القسم يحتوي علي العديد من القصص والروايات باللغة الإنجليزية

(Stories and novels) القصص والروايات
الرواية هي سرد نثري طويل يصف شخصيات خيالية أو واقعية وأحداثاً على شكل قصة متسلسلة، كما أنها أكبر الأجناس القصصية من حيث الحجم وتعدد الشخصيات وتنوع الأحداث، وقد ظهرت في أوروبا بوصفها جنساً أدبياً مؤثراً في القرن الثامن عشر، والرواية حكاية تعتمد السرد بما فيه من وصف وحوار وصراع بين الشخصيات وما ينطوي عليه ذلك من تأزم وجدل وتغذيه الأحداث
A novel is a relatively long work of narrative fiction, normally written in prose form, and which is typically published as a book. The present English word for a long work of prose fiction derives from the Italian novella for "new", "news", or "short story of something new", itself from the Latin novella, a singular noun use of the neuter plural of novellus, diminutive of novus, meaning "new". Walter Scott made a distinction between the novel, in which (as he saw it) "events are accommodated to the ordinary train of human events and the modern state of society" and the romance, which he defined as "a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents". However, many such romances, including the historical romances of Scott, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights and Herman Melville's Moby-Dick, are also frequently called novels, and Scott describes romance as a "kindred term". This sort of romance is in turn different from the genre fiction love romance or romance novel
A short story is a piece of prose fiction that typically can be read in one sitting and focuses on a self-contained incident or series of linked incidents, with the intent of evoking a "single effect" or mood.

A dictionary definition is "an invented prose narrative shorter than a novel usually dealing with a few characters and aiming at unity of effect and often concentrating on the creation of mood rather than plot."

The short story is a crafted form in its own right. Short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components as in a novel, but typically to a lesser degree. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel or novella (a shorter novel), authors generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.

    Père Goriot

THE NOVELS of Balzac are full of electric fluid. To take up one of them is to feel the shock of life, as
one feels it on touching certain magnetic hands. To turn over volume after volume is like wandering
through the streets of a great city, at that hour of the night when human activity is at its full. There is a
particular kind of excitement inherent in the very aspect of a modern city, of London or Paris; in the mere
sensation of being in its midst, in the sight of all those active and fatigued faces which pass so rapidly; of
those long and endless streets, full of houses, each of which is like the body of a multiform soul, looking
out through the eyes of many windows. There is something intoxicating in the lights, the movement of
shadows under the lights, the vast and billowy sound of that shadowy movement. And there is something
more than this mere unconscious action upon the nerves. Every step in a great city is a step into an
unknown world. A new future is possible at every street corner. I never know, when I go out into one of
those crowded streets, but that the whole course of my life may be changed before I return to the house I
have quitted.…
 For Balzac is the equivalent of great cities. He is bad reading for solitude, for he fills the mind with the
nostalgia of cities. When a man speaks to me familiarly of Balzac I know already something of the man
with whom I have to do. “The physiognomy of women does not begin before the age of thirty,” he has
said; and perhaps before that age no one can really understand Balzac. Few young people care for him,
for there is nothing in him that appeals to the senses except through the intellect. Not many women care
for him supremely, for it is part of his method to express sentiments through facts, and not facts through
sentiments. But it is natural that he should be the favourite reading of men of the world, of those men of
the world who have the distinction of their kind; for he supplies the key of the enigma which they are
studying.—From “Studies in Prose and Verse” (1899).
 

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